The third molars, or wisdom teeth, are located at the back of the mouth and develop much later than the other permanent teeth. Most people have four wisdom teeth—two in the upper jaw and two in the lower jaw. They usually appear between the ages of 17 and 25, which is why they are called “wisdom teeth.”
Wisdom Teeth Development – Reasons for Removal
Often, wisdom teeth develop correctly and never cause any problems.
However, in many cases, due to limited space in the mouth, they do not develop properly, which can lead to various dental issues, including:
- Inflammation
- Cysts
- Abscesses
- Swelling
- Jaw pain due to pressure
- Tooth decay
- Damage to adjacent molars
If one or more of these problems occur, your dentist will recommend their removal.
Many dentists and orthodontists also advise removing symptom-free wisdom teeth as a preventive measure to avoid future problems, especially when undergoing orthodontic treatment with braces or aligners.
Before making any decision, your dentist will combine a clinical examination with a digital panoramic X-ray to assess the position and condition of your wisdom teeth in detail.
Fully Erupted Wisdom Teeth
These teeth have emerged properly above the gum line and usually do not need to be removed. Regular monitoring is recommended, as problems can still arise later.
Partially Erupted Wisdom Teeth
Partially erupted wisdom teeth are partially visible above the gum line while the rest remains under the gums. Their position makes them difficult to clean, increasing the risk of decay. They are also more prone to painful gum inflammation called pericoronitis, as food debris and bacteria can easily get trapped between the tooth and gum.
Impacted Wisdom Teeth
Impacted wisdom teeth remain completely hidden under the gums and are trapped within the bone. This can cause them to tilt, shift, or press against other teeth, leading to pain, difficulty opening the mouth, and trouble chewing. Problematic wisdom teeth are usually best removed early.
Regular dental check-ups and cleanings allow your dentist to monitor the development and eruption of your wisdom teeth before any symptoms appear.